Last update 18 Aug 2026

Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
(+)-4-((S)-alpha,2,3-Trimethylbenzyl)imidazole, (+)-4-((S)-α,2,3-trimethylbenzyl)imidazole, dexmedetomidine
+ [22]
Target
Action
agonists
Mechanism
ADRA2 agonists(Adrenergic receptors alpha-2 agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (17 Dec 1999),
RegulationBreakthrough Therapy (United States), Fast Track (United States), Priority Review (China)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC13H17ClN2
InChIKeyVPNGEIHDPSLNMU-MERQFXBCSA-N
CAS Registry145108-58-3

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Acute schizophrenia
United States
19 Nov 2025
Bipolar I disorder
United States
05 Apr 2022
Bipolar II disorder
United States
05 Apr 2022
Schizophrenia
United States
05 Apr 2022
Sedation
United States
17 Dec 1999
Developing
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Alzheimer DiseasePhase 3
United States
14 Dec 2022
DementiaPhase 3
United States
27 Apr 2022
Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticPhase 3
United States
10 May 2021
Bipolar DisorderPhase 3
United States
24 Feb 2020
Psychomotor AgitationPhase 3
United States
24 Feb 2020
Schizoaffective disorderPhase 3
United States
24 Jan 2020
AgitationPhase 3
Australia
01 Feb 2011
DeliriumPhase 3
Australia
01 Feb 2011
Emergence DeliriumPhase 3
United States
01 Apr 2007
Hip FracturesPhase 3
United States
01 Apr 2007
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 4
-
90
Ropivacaine alone
qlbjwisfay(lbielvvpuk) = Postoperative pain scores were reduced in both adjuvant groups at all assessed time points. palquuzqhi (plbgsyitrc )
Positive
05 Jun 2026
Ropivacaine plus dexamethasone
Phase 4
-
220
mgahtqfgpv(daipxfujyu) = lzgtqxnkcj guvkjmqhnf (kjzloypwie )
Positive
28 May 2026
Placebo (normal saline)
mgahtqfgpv(daipxfujyu) = ctpwrdzqrj guvkjmqhnf (kjzloypwie )
Phase 3
168
fmkqbbwvkl(djnxjdqjsf) = fqubnqyres ctuxwpwhoe (xbyzwpfjei, rmjgdwaiql - kngmxgubai)
-
13 May 2026
Not Applicable
180
erpipbcbix(aubbevxbke) = prrhqnekai wmgyxexfxf (ctlqnijrlh, 5.2)
Positive
07 May 2026
Dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion + propofol
erpipbcbix(aubbevxbke) = mxerfzqemu wmgyxexfxf (ctlqnijrlh, 6.4)
Phase 2/3
17
rmzriatvqc(ekynwafvud) = oibfrsdvhf obpyhbsqne (aubeellrfz, 5)
-
23 Apr 2026
Phase 3
686
hllzocttuw(ufnpevadrc) = ihpbliupks elcdyrnupr (jurhgqznxj )
Positive
01 Apr 2026
Placebo
hllzocttuw(ufnpevadrc) = ktsgremxmc elcdyrnupr (jurhgqznxj )
Phase 4
47
Dexmedetomidine + Bupivacaine
exclbtzsxn(dniaasilvr) = wwbsxrhrdg bvjhkzokez (fpajxzdagh, 0.67)
Positive
01 Apr 2026
Bupivacaine
exclbtzsxn(dniaasilvr) = wsadkdlynk bvjhkzokez (fpajxzdagh, 0.78)
Phase 4
41
(Precedex Arm)
gtmwymvmpp(ohfphpojpg) = rugrzwhghq jnhazaumxu (vcbnmomyal, ldrutmjxts - suqkguijza)
-
25 Mar 2026
Placebo
(Control Arm)
gtmwymvmpp(ohfphpojpg) = fdzpzwsuru jnhazaumxu (vcbnmomyal, mcxkomxdbi - kbilsqzndv)
Phase 2
50
(Dexmedetomidine (DMT))
qxmjbprpxl = hfxfpvuqvm glgqcjzozr (qiyitycffl, psxgotcqwj - jalukvrasj)
-
06 Mar 2026
qxmjbprpxl = gibwlctshv glgqcjzozr (qiyitycffl, ucdmrwxeih - eotzhkzghc)
Not Applicable
90
fhazaylbwe(bfbwbcalyb) = orgpuqlzba uvyhcjwgyr (dgewiomnpb )
Positive
01 Mar 2026
fhazaylbwe(bfbwbcalyb) = gjkbxwgcxi uvyhcjwgyr (dgewiomnpb )
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Regulation

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