Delving into the Latest Updates on Thioguanine with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

2-Amino 6MP, 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione, 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine

+ [26]

Target

DNA

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

DNA inhibitors(DNA inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

NeoplasmsImmune System DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic Diseases

Active Indication

Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaAcute Myeloid LeukemiaPhiladelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Aspen Pharmacare Holdings Ltd.

Active Organization

Waylis Therapeutics LLCShanghai Donghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Only For Children Pharmaceuticals SA

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

United States (18 Jan 1966),

Acute Myeloid LeukemiaPhiladelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia

RegulationOrphan Drug (European Union)

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC5H5N5S

InChIKeyWYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry154-42-7

This phase III trial compares the effect of the combination of blinatumomab with dasatinib and standard chemotherapy versus dasatinib and standard chemotherapy for treating patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (PH+) or Philadelphia chromosome-like (Ph-Like) ABL-class B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Blinatumomab is a bispecific antibody that binds to two different proteins-one on the surface of cancer cells and one on the surface of cells in the immune system. An antibody is a protein made by the immune system to help fight infections and other harmful processes/cells/molecules. Blinatumomab may bind to the cancer cell and a T cell (which plays a key role in the immune system's fighting response) at the same time. Blinatumomab may strengthen the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells by activating the body's own immune cells to destroy the tumor. Dasatinib is in a class of medications called tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply, which may help keep cancer cells from growing. Giving blinatumomab and dasatinib in combination with standard chemotherapy may work better in treating patients with PH+ or Ph-Like ABL-class B-ALL compared to dasatinib and chemotherapy alone.

Start Date29 May 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

National Cancer Institute

NCT06317662

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 2IIT

A Phase 2 Study of Blinatumomab in Combination With Chemotherapy for Infants With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Randomization of KMT2A-Rearranged Patients to Addition of Venetoclax

This phase II trial tests the addition of venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to usual chemotherapy for treating infants with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-rearranged [R]) or without a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-germline [G]). Venetoclax is in a class of medications called B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitors. It may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking Bcl-2, a protein needed for cancer cell survival. Blinatumomab is a monoclonal antibody that may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to standard chemotherapy may be more effective at treating patients with ALL than standard chemotherapy alone, but it may also cause more side effects. This clinical trial evaluates the safety and effectiveness of adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to chemotherapy for the treatment of infants with KMT2A-R or KMT2A-G ALL.

Start Date26 Apr 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

National Cancer Institute

NCT06533748

/ RecruitingPhase 2IIT

SJALL23H: Combination Antigen-Directed Induction Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Patients With B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoma

This is a Phase II clinical trial testing the use of two antigen-directed therapies, inotuzumab and blinatumomab, as part of induction therapy for children and young adults with newly diagnosed B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma.
Primary Objective
* To assess if the flow-cytometry assessed MRD-negative remission rate following an immunotherapy-based Induction in NCI-high risk patients without favorable genetic features is higher than the results of similar patients treated on AALL1131.
Secondary Objectives
* To compare flow-cytometry assessed MRD-negative rates at the end of Induction for patients treated with this therapy compared to similar patients treated on TOT17.
* To compare the rate of significant toxicities in patients treated with this therapy to those treated with standard-risk therapy on TOT17.
* To assess the event free and overall survival of patients treated with this therapy.

Start Date23 Jan 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Inc.

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100 Clinical Results associated with Thioguanine

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Thioguanine

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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Thioguanine

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4,830

Literatures (Medical) associated with Thioguanine

01 Aug 2025·Environmental Research

Total mercury accumulation in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the northern Antarctic Peninsula during late autumn to early winter

Article

Author: Liu, Jinhui ; Zhu, Guoping

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a key species in the Antarctic marine ecosystem and also the largest fishery in terms of catch in the Southern Ocean. Bransfield Strait on the northern Antarctic Peninsula is a key fishing ground. Mercury is a globally recognized toxic element that can affect pelagic organisms through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Understanding mercury dynamics in krill is crucial for understanding its impacts on Antarctic food webs and potential impacts on the uses of krill in the human food chain. However, the factors influencing Hg accumulation in krill remain unclear, especially in the autumn when there is a transition from an environment of abundant food to a period of lower abundance in winter. We therefore investigated the total mercury (THg) accumulation in krill using randomly collected samples (n = 60) from the krill fishery in the Bransfield Strait from 14 May to June 15, 2023. We further explored the potential drivers influencing THg accumulation in krill. The results indicated that THg levels in male krill (46.7 ± 10.8 ng g^-1) are comparable to those in females (40.0 ± 7.8 ng g^-1), and that krill THg levels in May (47.1 ± 11.5 ng g^-1) are significantly higher than in June (41.3 ± 8.2 ng g^-1), indicating seasonal variation in krill THg levels. Moreover, the THg concentration of krill showed a significant positive correlation with krill size, regardless of sex or month. Krill size and sex, slope, water mass at 100 m, and sea ice dynamics all affected THg accumulation. Briefly, the THg level decreased with the increases in seafloor slope, and krill accumulated higher level of THg in the open water compared to ice-covered regions, highlighting the importance of seafloor slope and sea ice dynamics in THg dynamics in krill.

01 Jul 2025·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Mercury, methylmercury, and its fractions at the base of the trophic pyramid of the maritime Antarctic ecosystem of Admiralty Bay

Article

Author: Saniewski, Michał ; Paneth, Piotr ; Saniewska, Dominika ; Jędruch, Agnieszka ; Korejwo, Ewa ; Bełdowski, Jacek ; Bielecka, Luiza ; Zgrundo, Aleksandra ; Balazy, Piotr

Mercury (Hg) pollution in polar regions is a critical environmental concern, exacerbated by glacier melting due to climate change. This study investigated the impact of glacial meltwater on total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg), and various Hg fractions levels in seawater, suspended particulate matter, and microplankton in Admiralty Bay, Antarctica. Stable isotope analyses of carbon and nitrogen complement Hg measurements, providing insights into food web dynamics and pollutant transfer. The average THg concentration in water samples from creeks, which may represent runoff from melting glaciers and snow, was 2.5 times higher than in sea water from Admiralty Bay. The proportion of methylmercury in total mercury varied depending on the environmental component: in water, it was 1.1 %; in SPM, 0.7 %; and in microplankton, 2.4 %. Increased microplankton biomass, which provides a larger surface area, enhanced the proportion of adsorbed Hg_F1, in microplankton, indicating that mercury adsorbs onto available planktonic surfaces. This research enhances our understanding of Hg cycling in Antarctic ecosystems and underscores the implications of climate change for Hg contamination, with potential effects on marine food webs and human health.

01 Jul 2025·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Comprehensive review on in vitro bioaccessibility of mercury in various foodstuffs

Review

Author: Li, Weixin ; Zhong, Huan ; He, Fei ; Ge, Feng ; Li, Chengjun ; Ju, Yongming ; Gong, Yu

Accurate assessment of dietary mercury (Hg) exposure and effective risk mitigation rely on a thorough understanding of its bioaccessibility. However, current knowledge of Hg bioaccessibility remains fragmented, with individual studies focusing on specific food types and influencing factors. This hinders the development of comprehensive strategies to achieve Hg exposure-related Sustainable Development Goals. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive review of the bioaccessibility of total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) across various foodstuffs. Our analysis included 633 records from 58 studies, covering globally reported seafood and region-specific traditional medicines and rice. We delved into the effects of food components and cooking methods on Hg bioaccessibility and identified the limitations of current research in this area. Our review reveals significant variations in Hg bioaccessibility across foodstuffs, with values ranging from undetectable to 105 % for seafood. Globally, applying bioaccessibility corrections lowers estimates of dietary exposure to THg and MeHg from seafood by 20.6 %-70.9 % and 16.3 %-87.0 %, respectively. Analysis of affecting factors suggests that food components play a crucial role in shaping Hg bioaccessibility through processes such as complexation (including chelation) and sequestration, while high-temperature cooking lowers MeHg bioaccessibility by affecting MeHg-protein complexes. These findings suggest the potential of Hg bioaccessibility-manipulating strategies like co-digestion of foodstuffs rich in phytochemicals and high-temperature cooking to mitigate dietary Hg exposure. Future research should focus on addressing the uncertainty in extrapolating laboratory findings to real-world scenarios to further refine risk assessment and develop effective mitigation strategies.

100 Deals associated with Thioguanine

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D06109	Thioguanine	L01BB03	DB00352

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	China	Shanghai Donghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1995
Acute Myeloid Leukemia	United States	Waylis Therapeutics LLC	18 Jan 1966
Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia	United States	Waylis Therapeutics LLC	18 Jan 1966

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	Preclinical	France	Only For Children Pharmaceuticals SA	-

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02101853 (AALL1331, CTgov)	Phase 3	Recurrent B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	669	Asparaginase+Etoposide+cyclophosphamide+Leucovorin Calcium+pegaspargase+Therapeutic Hydrocortisone+Mitoxantrone+Vincristine Sulfate+Methotrexate+Dexamethasone+Cytarabine (Arm A (HR and IR Control))	jepmlctjfy(jurpwdldmi) = leqfupybju dquqoailsn (lkemgmjeub, lcuqcgvbzd - rbudkbdmfp) View more	-	06 Dec 2022
				Pharmacological Study+Therapeutic Hydrocortisone+blinatumomab+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+Dexamethasone (Arm B (HR and IR Blinatumomab))	jepmlctjfy(jurpwdldmi) = bwjkhdtbdn dquqoailsn (lkemgmjeub, tnrrxqjqmo - nehhbxvtqz) View more
UEGW2022	Not Applicable	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	-	Thiopurine co-therapy with anti-TNFÎ± agents	luthvcluss(typdxlbkeh) = usehmvnrgk wgbbsbtsko (wkupgunajf ) View more	-	09 Oct 2022
				6-Thioguanine (Patients with ATI)	zvksqrbbpz(pmubdhwqbi) = kopnyhdnix ebhqdxhniw (deekvpdphf )
UEGW2022	Not Applicable	Pan Coronavirus	-	Dexamethasone	yqrrxsonbe(exlirtlwfa) = cvabdjlnsd vszcvrveew (ggmdhfzwqr, 40%)	-	09 Oct 2022
				6-thioguanine	yqrrxsonbe(exlirtlwfa) = bzzapfpgei vszcvrveew (ggmdhfzwqr, 16%)
NCT02828358 (AALL15P1, CTgov)	Phase 2	Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia \| Mixed phenotype acute leukemia	78	HC+cyclophosphamide+PEG+leucovorin calcium+thioguanine+mercaptopurine (6-MP)+MTX+vincristine sulfate+dexamethasone+daunorubicin hydrochloride+AZACITIDINE (AZA)+ARA-C (KMT2A-Rearranged)	wrdhiyjrwe(heipjkhqyb) = rjoustgliz vxkctutffq (tybweccqlv, hbqtprffdp - llzhjlbcxp) View more	-	26 Oct 2021
				hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HC)+pegaspargase (PEG)+prednisolone+vincristine sulfate+Methotrexate+dexamethasone+cytarabine (ARA-C)+daunorubicin hydrochloride (KMT2A-Germline)	mzoetksrnl(stpavajbvl) = bwyqimdltx xjrcdpcqbi (asnrfizzbq, hdpppxnjxk - yscpcsmjma) View more
NCT00439296 (CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	9	PEG-asparaginase+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+6-thioguanine+Dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+ABT-751 (Dose Level 1)	lzptudurle(agjsnlmvwt) = hzdqdddbtk aplfkxeynr (bblgcnrljo, ghvtlsyuni - yewgubscjq) View more	-	09 Sep 2020
				PEG-asparaginase+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+6-thioguanine+Dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+ABT-751 (Dose Level 0)	lzptudurle(agjsnlmvwt) = oyglazzzcq aplfkxeynr (bblgcnrljo, ozvfkpbuaw - basnhxgwvi) View more
UEGW2019	Not Applicable	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	-	Thioguanine	uzueouisgj(hwzcqfbjhk) = NRH was diagnosed in two patients (1%) dgpqyxtvjj (tajozvkjfh ) View more	-	01 Oct 2019
NCT00866749 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma	120	Daunorubicin+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+PEG-asparaginase+Thioguanine+Mercaptopurine+Methotrexate+Vincristine+Cytarabine	deskficgmr(azjxhkprsu) = dmiawfkapv lkjkbnacle (mvohhydteo, metxghqbrc - tvxjunpasv) View more	-	10 Sep 2019
NCT00588536 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell	5	MTX+6-TG+Leucovorin	(uomguxzyqm) = zembpyulzr uabaxdfozm (ohbtiksrhs, adnsylprbl - eezymleeud) View more	-	04 May 2015
NCT00369317 (AAML0431, CTgov)	Phase 3	Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome \| Childhood Acute Monoblastic Leukemia and Acute Monocytic Leukemia \| Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia \| untreated pediatric acute nonlymphocytic leukemia \| Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia \| Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia \| Acute Basophilic Leukemia \| Down Syndrome \| Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia	205	laboratory biomarker analysis+etoposide+thioguanine+cytarabine+daunorubicin hydrochloride	gaxsjqwjzt(pjjnwnchfa) = hkthnababn arrquiypcf (viimencova, oidvrdtjig - gxpfximkbu) View more	-	13 Jan 2015
NCT00176462 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	60	L-asparaginase+cyclophosphamide+Hydrocortisone+6-thioguanine+aminopterin+6-mercaptopurine+Leucovorin+dexamethasone+Vincristine+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+Daunomycin (Arm 2 High Risk)	dnysefnlap(wdhvthsatw) = vnyxpwlrug kiyrxblufu (xqmirfuoud, vpkxuqpwlj - ehttamznsc) View more	-	09 Jun 2014
				L-asparaginase+Hydrocortisone+6-mercaptopurine+Leucovorin+dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Vincristine+Cytarabine+Daunomycin (Arm 1 Standard Risk)	flgiirjqrr(keizlepsmq) = dbycuyomce kgihjbxjtl (erdiukkepz, vgajhxzfue - clvnwkzzcb) View more