Delving into the Latest Updates on Thioguanine with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

2-Amino 6MP, 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione, 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine

+ [26]

Target

DNA

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

DNA inhibitors(DNA inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

NeoplasmsImmune System DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic Diseases

Active Indication

Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaAcute Myeloid LeukemiaPhiladelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Aspen Pharmacare Holdings Ltd.

Active Organization

Waylis Therapeutics LLCShanghai Donghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Only For Children Pharmaceuticals SA

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

United States (18 Jan 1966),

Acute Myeloid LeukemiaPhiladelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia

RegulationOrphan Drug (European Union)

Login to view timeline

Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC5H5N5S

InChIKeyWYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry154-42-7

This phase III trial compares the effect of the combination of blinatumomab with dasatinib and standard chemotherapy versus dasatinib and standard chemotherapy for treating patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (PH+) or Philadelphia chromosome-like (Ph-Like) ABL-class B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Blinatumomab is a bispecific antibody that binds to two different proteins-one on the surface of cancer cells and one on the surface of cells in the immune system. An antibody is a protein made by the immune system to help fight infections and other harmful processes/cells/molecules. Blinatumomab may bind to the cancer cell and a T cell (which plays a key role in the immune system's fighting response) at the same time. Blinatumomab may strengthen the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells by activating the body's own immune cells to destroy the tumor. Dasatinib is in a class of medications called tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply, which may help keep cancer cells from growing. Giving blinatumomab and dasatinib in combination with standard chemotherapy may work better in treating patients with PH+ or Ph-Like ABL-class B-ALL compared to dasatinib and chemotherapy alone.

Start Date29 May 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

National Cancer Institute

NCT06317662

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 2IIT

A Phase 2 Study of Blinatumomab in Combination With Chemotherapy for Infants With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Randomization of KMT2A-Rearranged Patients to Addition of Venetoclax

This phase II trial tests the addition of venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to usual chemotherapy for treating infants with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-rearranged [R]) or without a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-germline [G]). Venetoclax is in a class of medications called B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitors. It may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking Bcl-2, a protein needed for cancer cell survival. Blinatumomab is a monoclonal antibody that may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to standard chemotherapy may be more effective at treating patients with ALL than standard chemotherapy alone, but it may also cause more side effects. This clinical trial evaluates the safety and effectiveness of adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to chemotherapy for the treatment of infants with KMT2A-R or KMT2A-G ALL.

Start Date26 Apr 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

National Cancer Institute

NCT06533748

/ RecruitingPhase 2IIT

SJALL23H: Combination Antigen-Directed Induction Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Patients With B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoma

This is a Phase II clinical trial testing the use of two antigen-directed therapies, inotuzumab and blinatumomab, as part of induction therapy for children and young adults with newly diagnosed B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma.
Primary Objective
* To assess if the flow-cytometry assessed MRD-negative remission rate following an immunotherapy-based Induction in NCI-high risk patients without favorable genetic features is higher than the results of similar patients treated on AALL1131.
Secondary Objectives
* To compare flow-cytometry assessed MRD-negative rates at the end of Induction for patients treated with this therapy compared to similar patients treated on TOT17.
* To compare the rate of significant toxicities in patients treated with this therapy to those treated with standard-risk therapy on TOT17.
* To assess the event free and overall survival of patients treated with this therapy.

Start Date23 Jan 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Inc.

[+2]

100 Clinical Results associated with Thioguanine

Login to view more data

100 Translational Medicine associated with Thioguanine

Login to view more data

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Thioguanine

Login to view more data

5,450

Literatures (Medical) associated with Thioguanine

01 Apr 2025·Environmental Research

Annual trends in mercury contamination are associated with changing trophic niches of giant petrels

Article

Author: Forero, Manuela G ; Buss, Danielle L ; Mills, William F ; Forcada, Jaume ; Phillips, Richard A ; Bustamante, Paco ; Ramírez, Francisco

Annual variation in prey availability can influence seabird diets and hence their exposure to pollutants, including mercury (Hg). Among seabirds, those species that scavenge carrion of marine mammals and other top predators may be especially vulnerable to accumulating high Hg concentrations. In this study, total Hg (THg) concentrations and carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) stable isotope values were measured in chick feathers of northern giant petrels Macronectes halli and southern giant petrels M. giganteus at Bird Island, South Georgia (2013-2020). Both species are opportunistic predator-scavengers which feed mainly on penguins and Antarctic fur seal Arctocephalus gazella carrion, and to lesser extents on marine prey and other seabirds. THg concentrations were not significantly different between northern giant petrels and southern giant petrels (means ± SDs, 2.49 ± 0.92 μg g^-1 dw and 2.34 ± 0.85 μg g^-1 dw, respectively), but concentrations in both species declined signficantly over time, as did δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values. Annual feather THg concentrations of giant petrels were positively correlated with the number of dead Antarctic fur seal pups and their mortality rate at Bird Island, but not with population sizes or breeding success of penguins. Accordingly, these results suggest a shift away from carrion (associated with the decreasing size and productivity of the Antarctic fur seal population) and towards the consumption of prey from lower trophic levels (e.g., Antarctic krill Euphausia superba), with a corresponding reduction in dietary Hg exposure. Future work should investigate the consequences of changing prey availability for diets and pollutant exposure of other marine predators within the South Georgia and Scotia Sea marine ecosystems, given the ongoing environmental changes in the region.

01 Apr 2025·Ecotoxicology

Mercury exposure in an endangered songbird: influence of marsh hydrology and evidence for early breeding impairment

Article

Author: Virzi, Thomas ; Frederick, Peter ; Rothenberg, Sarah E ; Rodríguez-Jorquera, Ignacio ; Reed, Tera A ; Mock, Alan J ; Trexler, Joel C

Songbird reproductive success can decline from consuming mercury-contaminated aquatic insects, but assessments of hydrologic conditions influencing songbird mercury exposure are lacking. We monitored breast feather total mercury (THg) concentrations and reproductive success in the U.S. federally listed endangered Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow (CSSS: Ammospiza maritima mirabilis) over three breeding seasons in the Florida Everglades. We used model comparison to explore the influence of annual hydrologic variation on adult CSSS THg concentrations, and tested mercury effects on individual reproductive success (individuals' mate status, apparent nest success, and total productivity) that were scaled to estimates on population productivity using a demographic model. We identified four hydrologic models that explained annual variation in adult THg concentrations, with the top model showing a negative association between THg concentrations and drought length of the previous breeding season and a positive association between THg concentrations and dry-season water recession rate (model adjusted R² = 0.82). Adult male mating probability declined by 63% across the range of THg concentrations observed. We found no mercury effect on CSSS nest success or total productivity. However, demographic modeling suggested the reduced mating could produce a 60% decrease in population productivity compared to a scenario with no THg impact. Our results suggest that CSSS mercury exposure is influenced by local hydrologic conditions that can increase early breeding failure (lack of breeding initiation) and potentially limit population productivity. This study is the first to describe CSSS mercury exposure and its potential reproductive costs at the individual and population levels.

01 Apr 2025·Marine Pollution Bulletin

Diet shifts drive mercury bioaccumulation and distribution in tissues of the longnose lancetfish (Alepisaurus ferox)

Article

Author: Choy, C Anela ; Schartup, Amina T ; Paulson, Erik T ; Chen, Rachel S

Monitoring the impacts of global efforts to reduce mercury (Hg) emissions is limited by the collection of biological samples at appropriate spatiotemporal scales. This is especially true in the deep sea, a vast region with food webs that cycle bioaccumulative methylmercury (MeHg). Within a species, understanding the distribution of Hg across tissue types can reveal how Hg accumulates in the body and inform how useful a species is for biomonitoring geographic regions or vertical habitats of the ocean. We focus on a globally distributed deep-sea fish, the longnose lancetfish (Alepisaurus ferox, n = 69 individuals), and measure total mercury (THg) and MeHg concentrations in 10 tissue types (brain, caudal white muscle, dorsal white muscle, gallbladder, gill filament, gonad, heart, intestine, liver, and stomach lining). Across all tissue types, THg and MeHg concentrations were higher in large lancetfish (≥1.8 kg) than small lancetfish (<1.8 kg), but concentrations were relatively stable within size classes. THg levels were highest in liver, intestine, and heart, followed by caudal white muscle, dorsal white muscle, stomach lining, and gill filament, then by gonad and gallbladder. We describe how ontogenetic diet shifts explain Hg bioaccumulation in pelagic predators inhabiting similar waters to lancetfish. We hypothesize that diet shifts to deeper-dwelling prey and fishes drive increases in THg and MeHg concentrations in large lancetfish. We propose lancetfish as a strong candidate for monitoring spatiotemporal variability of Hg in the deep pelagic - they are commonly captured in global fisheries and may reflect Hg sources in two distinct vertical habitats of the ocean.

100 Deals associated with Thioguanine

Login to view more data

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D06109	Thioguanine	L01BB03	DB00352

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

Login

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	China	Shanghai Donghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1995
Acute Myeloid Leukemia	United States	Waylis Therapeutics LLC	18 Jan 1966
Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia	United States	Waylis Therapeutics LLC	18 Jan 1966

Developing

10 top R&D records.

Login

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	Preclinical	France	Only For Children Pharmaceuticals SA	-

Login to view more data

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02101853 (AALL1331, CTgov)	Phase 3	Recurrent B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	669	Asparaginase+Etoposide+CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE+Leucovorin Calcium+pegaspargase+Therapeutic Hydrocortisone+Cytarabine+Mitoxantrone+Dexamethasone+Vincristine Sulfate+Methotrexate (Arm A (HR and IR Control))	bofnviiaai(syigkmrttm) = qqhueruofi utjalgaumr (xwgmharymk, qmicjtlrjg - exobclsigm) View more	-	06 Dec 2022
				Pharmacological Study+Therapeutic Hydrocortisone+Cytarabine+blinatumomab+Dexamethasone+Methotrexate (Arm B (HR and IR Blinatumomab))	bofnviiaai(syigkmrttm) = olqkkxjtdl utjalgaumr (xwgmharymk, jwpnrwbpjh - rqhqfcbrkp) View more
UEGW2022	Not Applicable	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	-	Thiopurine co-therapy with anti-TNFÎ± agents	adqhoairju(hgggetisib) = myhobebbqk przohspuok (oaeckwjnnh ) View more	-	09 Oct 2022
				6-Thioguanine (Patients with ATI)	yiabqlhfyi(stuspmdald) = pdclfpnohw hrfcjbvieh (wggcrtjoxq )
UEGW2022	Not Applicable	Pan Coronavirus	-	Dexamethasone	rrrgruwyib(xzxtsslbej) = qgwtmdibsi kwfblqzqmf (wgwyineulw, 40%)	-	09 Oct 2022
				6-thioguanine	rrrgruwyib(xzxtsslbej) = vfblezcwrt kwfblqzqmf (wgwyineulw, 16%)
NCT02828358 (AALL15P1, CTgov)	Phase 2	Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia \| Mixed phenotype acute leukemia	78	HC+daunorubicin hydrochloride+cyclophosphamide+PEG+leucovorin calcium+thioguanine+mercaptopurine (6-MP)+dexamethasone+vincristine sulfate+AZACITIDINE (AZA)+ARA-C (KMT2A-Rearranged)	sakzoydgwi(gzofmvyweo) = uynvrndkzq alqhaznwag (bckwtmdagt, knjnbebvyq - pgzxlwjmiu) View more	-	26 Oct 2021
				daunorubicin hydrochloride+hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HC)+pegaspargase (PEG)+prednisolone+dexamethasone+vincristine sulfate+Methotrexate+cytarabine (ARA-C) (KMT2A-Germline)	himbiwevdz(mrltkxanlt) = iruyreqbwm uafjxsblpf (djxespytdw, dkdyovplty - aanmfddxqu) View more
NCT00439296 (CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	9	PEG-asparaginase+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+6-thioguanine+Dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+ABT-751 (Dose Level 1)	kwbzesggvv(wzyonbcnzx) = xrteyiefoh atcxxztkgn (accslhlyzo, yzanexwbka - sxyycylnew) View more	-	09 Sep 2020
				PEG-asparaginase+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+6-thioguanine+Dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Cytarabine+ABT-751 (Dose Level 0)	kwbzesggvv(wzyonbcnzx) = zakyrfsphm atcxxztkgn (accslhlyzo, ejeklcdncl - vfedjvjmnx) View more
UEGW2019	Not Applicable	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	-	Thioguanine	kqndorhirv(hsjukmhqgb) = NRH was diagnosed in two patients (1%) ilrgidefns (qdtrmxcimz ) View more	-	01 Oct 2019
NCT00866749 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia \| Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma	120	Daunorubicin+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+PEG-asparaginase+Thioguanine+Mercaptopurine+Methotrexate+Vincristine+Cytarabine	vjianmgaqn(eibxzhxrao) = ghnnhpqccm qthbctlurn (luxoyhmcjq, lfqtpgkldg - wadxidcqzk) View more	-	10 Sep 2019
NCT00588536 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell	5	MTX+6-TG+Leucovorin	(xjbvtuctlx) = fslayinzlj cwijknmyne (iimhydgiih, guwrgblqrg - apenaykrcc) View more	-	04 May 2015
NCT00369317 (AAML0431, CTgov)	Phase 3	Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome \| Childhood Acute Monoblastic Leukemia and Acute Monocytic Leukemia \| Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia \| untreated pediatric acute nonlymphocytic leukemia \| Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia \| Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia \| Acute Basophilic Leukemia \| Down Syndrome \| Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia	205	laboratory biomarker analysis+etoposide+thioguanine+cytarabine+daunorubicin hydrochloride	lfnnibxmtl(jlguvvggkm) = wltlbvkwga txbofguztp (whsebmlreh, sxwjmfnhyq - gdykaahuzh) View more	-	13 Jan 2015
NCT00176462 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	60	L-asparaginase+Daunomycin+cyclophosphamide+Hydrocortisone+6-thioguanine+aminopterin+6-mercaptopurine+Leucovorin+dexamethasone+Vincristine+Methotrexate+Cytarabine (Arm 2 High Risk)	wwetctzpex(kmiisgbixp) = phkmwkscwi laupdgswxz (vseaztprnk, ugrebzzgzc - cfisuogeso) View more	-	09 Jun 2014
				L-asparaginase+Daunomycin+Hydrocortisone+6-mercaptopurine+Leucovorin+dexamethasone+Methotrexate+Vincristine+Cytarabine (Arm 1 Standard Risk)	lxogrqnqkg(lfzqtqjqvn) = fdlapkjbgv lbkujtcmeh (uvsuoujmgi, hppgxemlkw - wxmjmkbcmn) View more