Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of Hyper CVAD and Arsenic/ interferon/ zidovudine (As/IFN/AZT) treatment regimens in patients with acute Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL).

Start Date25 Mar 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

ChiCTR1900026933

/ SuspendedPhase 1IIT

Bioequivalance of Zidovudine and Lamivudine Tablets(Fasting) in the Human Body: A randomized cross-over controlled trial

Start Date28 Oct 2019

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT03988452

/ Unknown statusPhase 3IIT

Nucleosides And Darunavir/Dolutegravir In Africa (NADIA): a Randomised Controlled Trial of Darunavir Versus Dolutegravir and Tenofovir Versus Zidovudine in Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens for the Public Health Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa

This trial evaluates options for second-line antiretroviral therapy in patients failing on a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and tenofovir (TDF)-based first-line regimen in the setting of the public health approach in sub-Saharan Africa (with assumed substantial nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) cross-resistance). The trial tests two hypotheses. Firstly that a regimen of dolutegravir (DTG) with two NRTIs is non-inferior to a regimen of ritonavir-boosted darunavir (DRV/r) with two NRTIs. Secondly that continuing an NRTI regimen of TDF and lamivudine (3TC) is non-inferior to switching to zidovudine (ZDV) and 3TC.
The trial is a parallel group, open-label, multi-centre, factorial (2X2) randomised, controlled trial. Patients will be randomised to either DTG or DRV/r with a second randomisation to ZDV and 3TC or TDF and 3TC. Treatment efficacy will be monitored by testing viral load (VL). Analyses will compare DRV/r with DTG; and ZDV/3TC with TDF/3TC by intention to treat analysis on the primary outcome parameter of plasma VL below 400 copies/ml at 48 weeks. Trial follow-up will continue to 96 weeks.

Start Date30 Jul 2019

Sponsor / Collaborator

Makerere University

100 Clinical Results associated with Zidovudine

100 Translational Medicine associated with Zidovudine

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Zidovudine

17,201

Literatures (Medical) associated with Zidovudine

24 Mar 2025·Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

Inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by Daclatasvir and its derivatives: synthesis of computational derivatives as a new drug development

Article

Author: Mitra, Debanjan ; Abdalla, Mohnad ; Afreen, Shagufta ; Das Mohapatra, Pradeep K.

The most common cause of respiratory tract illness in newborns and young children is the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). There is no approved vaccination or specific antiviral medication for RSV infections. Here, an attempt has been made to explore the potential of currently marketed drugs as well as their probable derivatives to improve the possibility of developing stronger medications against RSV. From the 100 synthetic drug compounds library, the best drug molecule was identified through drug-likeness properties, toxicity, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) was also a method that was applied in this study. Daclatasvir showed the highest binding energy and appeared as the best drug to inhibit matrix protein and a fusion protein of RSV. Based on Daclatasvir, 40 computational derivatives were made. D28, D34 and D40 showed far better results than the actual drug. Changes in lipophilicity character increase the binding energy of derivatives. Molecular dynamic simulations showed their non-deviated, non-fluctuated and stable complex formation with target proteins. The high number of amino acid contacts throughout the trajectory increases the stability and effectiveness of derivatives. The key to producing a novel medicine to eradicate RSV is provided by derivatives. Daclatasvir will be employed as a potential RSV inhibitor up until that point.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

03 Feb 2025·JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Repurposing zidovudine and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine as antibiotic drugs made possible by synergy with both trimethoprim and the mitochondrial toxicity–reducing agent uridine

Article

Author: Cao, Sha ; Levenfors, Jolanta J ; Hughes, Diarmaid ; Bjerketorp, Joakim ; Guss, Bengt ; Öberg, Bo ; Broberg, Anders ; Nord, Christina

Abstract:

Objectives:

The increasing frequency of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is a major public health challenge, and new antibiotic drugs are urgently needed. A rapid solution to the problem is to repurpose clinically approved compounds with antibacterial properties, such as the nucleoside analogues zidovudine (azidothymidine) or 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine. Here we report the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of double and triple combinations of azidothymidine or 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine with uridine and/or trimethoprim.

Methods:

We determined MICs of azidothymidine and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, alone or combined with uridine and/or trimethoprim, against a selection of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. We also measured MICs of a selection of antibiotics of different classes as a function of uridine concentration. The efficacy of azidothymidine and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine with uridine and/or trimethoprim was measured in a murine peritonitis infection model.

Results:

The addition of uridine enhanced the in vitro antibacterial activity of azidothymidine and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Uridine also enhanced the in vitro antibacterial activity of azidothymidine/trimethoprim and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine/trimethoprim combinations. Triple combinations containing azidothymidine, trimethoprim and uridine, showed antibacterial synergy against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) whereas the 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, trimethoprim and uridine combination showed synergy against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The positive effect of uridine on the efficacy of azidothymidine/trimethoprim combination was also observed in vivo in a murine E. coli peritonitis model.

Conclusions:

Triple combinations of these clinically approved compounds warrant further investigations as therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.

03 Feb 2025·JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Simulated achievement rate of β-lactams/nacubactam treatment in humans using instantaneous MIC-based PK/PD analysis

Article

Author: Chuang, Victor Tuan Giam ; Igarashi, Yuki ; Matsumoto, Kazuaki ; Taguchi, Kazuaki ; Enoki, Yuki

Abstract:

Background:

Nacubactam (NAC), a new diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor, is being developed for use together with aztreonam (AZT) and cefepime (CFPM). However, the effective clinical dosages of AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC have not yet been established. We have previously shown that free time above instantaneous MIC (fT > MICi) is a valuable pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic parameter for β-lactam (BL)/NAC in a mouse thigh infection model.

Objectives:

This study simulated the fT > MICi (%) for AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) with different MIC in humans to estimate the clinical efficacy at practically achievable combination doses of AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC.

Methods:

Using previously reported PK parameters of each drug in humans and chequerboard MIC data, we calculated the fT > MICi (%) for AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC in 10 000 simulated patients to predict the percentages of target attainment of bacteriostatic and bactericidal efficacies at various combined doses.

Results:

The results predicted that both BL/NAC combinations could achieve 100% 2 log10-kill against CPE strains at the lowest combination dose (0.5 g/0.5 g q8h). Additionally, in MIC studies examining BLs/NAC at a 1:1 ratio, the dosage regimen for strains with MICcomb ≤ 1 mg/L was expected to offer 100% bactericidal efficacy (2 log10-kill) at 0.5 g/0.5 g q8h or higher doses. For strains with 1 mg/L < MICcomb ≤ 16 mg/L, BLs/NAC at a 2 g/2 g q8h was predicted to produce bactericidal efficacy (1 log10-kill). At MICcomb = 32 mg/L, some bacteriostatic effect was expected at high BL doses.

Conclusions:

AZT/NAC and CFPM/NAC are bactericidal against CPE at practically achievable dosages.

News (Medical) associated with Zidovudine

15 Oct 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

WARBURG PINCUS STRENGTHENS ITS EUROPEAN BUSINESS AND GLOBAL HEALTHCARE GROUP WITH TWO NEW SENIOR ADVISERS

Seasoned industry experts will advise Warburg Pincus on new investments and drive value creation across its portfolio companies LONDON and BERLIN, Oct. 15, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Warburg Pincus, a leading global growth investor, today announced the appointment of Dr. Francesco Granata and Dr. Axel Herberg as Senior Advisers working with its European business and global healthcare group. Dr. Granata and Dr. Herberg will support Warburg Pincus in the identification and evaluation of new potential investment opportunities across Europe for its funds, and they bring deep expertise and connectivity within the pharmaceutical, life sciences, medical device and healthcare sectors. The senior adviser appointments follow the recent announcement of Enovo Life Sciences, a new life sciences platform institutionally capitalized by funds advised by Warburg Pincus and led by life sciences industry veterans, Mario Philips and Roel Gordijn. These announcements demonstrate the continued momentum in Warburg Pincus's European business. Jake Strauss, a Managing Director in the global healthcare group, was recently announced as head of the firm's European healthcare efforts and Tobias Weidner, recently joined the firm as a Managing Director leading industrials in Europe. Recent European investments include Aztec, Specialist Risk Group and Epassi. Dr. Herberg brings wide-ranging experience as an operator and investor. He is a member of various supervisory boards and is an active entrepreneur. He joined the Gerresheimer Group in 1992 and developed the company to a leading systems and solutions provider to the pharma and biotech industries and is currently Chairman of the Supervisory Board. Between 2010 and 2017, Dr. Herberg was a Partner at Blackstone, responsible for the private equity business in the German-speaking regions of Europe. Dr Herberg currently sits on the boards of Gerresheimer, Axplora, and Vetter Pharma. Dr. Granata has more than 40 years of experience in the pharmaceuticals and biotechnology industries. He was Executive Vice President and member of the Executive Committee at Biogen Idec; served as Group Vice President at Schering-Plough, and President of Schering-Plough Europe and Canada; and held various senior management positions at Pharmacia, Dompé Biotech, and Pfizer. He currently sits on the Boards of Italfarmaco and GreenBone Ortho. He is General Partner and co-founder of Venture Capital firm 3B Future. Jake Strauss, Managing Director at Warburg Pincus, said, "We are excited to be working with Francesco and Axel. They bring decades of invaluable experience and strong networks across Europe that will further enhance our ability to identify attractive investment opportunities for our funds where we can partner with management teams, entrepreneurs, and families to accelerate growth. Their experience will also be invaluable to our existing portfolio companies in allowing them to navigate the complex macroeconomic and technological drivers of change that are transforming their industries." Dr Axel Herberg said, "I am looking forward to working with the exceptional team at Warburg Pincus. The firm's strong reputation, deep sector expertise and recent growth in Europe, make this an exciting time to work with the European team." Dr Francesco Granata said, "Warburg Pincus has a long history of successfully partnering with founders and management teams and bringing deep expertise to help businesses build long-term sustainable growth. I look forward to working together to identify exciting new businesses and strong management teams driving innovation, technological change and improved patient outcomes across the healthcare sector." Funds advised by Warburg Pincus have been among the leading global growth investors in Europe and were one of the first to invest in Europe in 1983. In Europe, the Warburg Pincus funds have invested more than $14 billion in over 125 companies across more than 20 European countries. Warburg Pincus funds have invested over $18 billion in more than 189 innovative healthcare and life sciences companies around the world, including Bausch + Lomb, Ensemble Healthcare Partners, Global Healthcare Exchange, Modernizing Medicine, and Sotera Health. The firm has also notably been active in the European healthcare market including recent investments by the funds in Polyplus, Simtra BioPharma Solutions, Norstella and the START Center for Cancer Research. About Warburg Pincus Warburg Pincus LLC is a leading global growth investor. The firm has more than $83 billion in assets under management. The firm's active portfolio of more than 225 companies is highly diversified by stage, sector, and geography. Warburg Pincus is an experienced partner to management teams seeking to build durable companies with sustainable value. Since its founding in 1966, Warburg Pincus has invested more than $117 billion in over 1,000 companies globally across its private equity, real estate, and capital solutions strategies. The firm is headquartered in New York with offices in Amsterdam, Beijing, Berlin, Hong Kong, Houston, London, Luxembourg, Mumbai, Mauritius, San Francisco, São Paulo, Shanghai, and Singapore. For more information please visit . Follow us on LinkedIn. Media Contact Jenna Ward, Europe Communications Director M: +44 7570 844 338 E: [email protected] WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Executive Change

08 Aug 2024

·www.drugs.com

Abacavir Use Linked to Increased Incidence of MACE

THURSDAY, Aug. 8, 2024 -- For patients with HIV in the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) trial, use of abacavir was associated with an increased incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), according to a study presented at AIDS 2024, the 25th International AIDS Conference, held from July 22 to 26 in Munich. Carl J. Fichtenbaum, M.D., from the University of Cincinnati, and colleagues examined the role of prior and current use of antiretroviral agents (ART) on the development of MACE in a trial involving 7,769 participants aged 40 to 75 years on ART for at least 180 days. The median duration of ART use was 9.5 years, with variation by country. The researchers found that 22, 86, 49, and 47 percent of participants reported prior exposure to abacavir, tenofovir (TDF), thymidine analogs (AZT/d4T), and protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. At study entry, 13, 61, 10, and 26 percent were using abacavir, TDF, AZT/d4T, and PIs, respectively. Entry regimens included two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus a non-NRTI, integrase strand transfer inhibitor, or PI (47, 25, and 19 percent, respectively). Both former and current use of abacavir was associated with a higher incidence of MACE in adjusted analyses including the baseline regimen. No association was seen for former or current use of other ART agents with MACE. "Former and current use of abacavir was associated with a higher incidence of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events in the REPRIEVE trial," the authors write. Press Release More Information Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

Clinical ResultAHAClinical Study

23 Jul 2024

·www.drugs.com

Exploratory Analysis Associates HIV Drug Abacavir with Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Large Global Trial

July 23, 2024 -- Current or previous use of the antiretroviral drug (ARV) abacavir was associated with an elevated risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with HIV, according to an exploratory analysis from a large international clinical trial primarily funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). There was no elevated MACE risk for the other antiretroviral drugs included in the analysis. The findings will be presented at the 2024 International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2024) in Munich, Germany. The Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) enrolled 7,769 study participants with HIV from 12 countries that found daily use of a cholesterol-fighting statin drug reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes by more than one third. The REPRIEVE study team also performed statistical analyses to assess whether select ARVs were associated with MACE risk among study participants, all of whom had low-to-moderate cardiovascular disease risk. The ARVs selected for analysis had previously been linked to cardiovascular risk and included abacavir, tenofovir, zidovudine, stavudine, and drugs from a class called protease inhibitors (PIs). All were taken as part of multi-drug ART regimens. Overall, 22% of study participants reported prior exposure to abacavir, 86% to tenofovir, 49% to zidovudine or stavudine, and 47% to PIs. At study entry, 13% of participants were taking abacavir, 61% were taking tenofovir, 10% were taking zidovudine or stavudine, and 26% were taking PIs. In the investigators’ analyses, participants with prior and current use of abacavir had a 50% and 42% elevated risk of MACE, respectively, compared to participants with no abacavir exposure. Former or current use of other ARVs was not associated with any change in MACE risk, and the co-administration of common ARV drug classes as part of an ART regimen did not impact the elevated MACE risk among participants with current or prior abacavir exposure. According to the authors, these findings align with previous studies that also identified an elevated cardiovascular disease risk associated with abacavir. They suggest that more research is needed to better understand the increased risk observed in this analysis, including how these findings should be considered in the context of known cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension, for people with HIV. More information about the REPRIEVE trial is available at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02344290. CJ Fichtenbaum et al. Abacavir is associated with elevated risk for cardiovascular events in the REPRIEVE trial. International AIDS Conference. Friday, July 26, 2024. Sarah Read, M.D., deputy director, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH is available to discuss this research. NIAID conducts and supports research—at NIH, throughout the United States, and worldwide—to study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated diseases, and to develop better means of preventing, diagnosing and treating these illnesses. News releases, fact sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on the NIAID website. About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit www.nih.gov . Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

Clinical StudyClinical ResultAHA

100 Deals associated with Zidovudine

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00413	Zidovudine	J05AF01	DB00495

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
HIV Infections	US	ViiV Healthcare Co.	19 Mar 1987

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Pregnancy	Phase 3	US	Glaxo Wellcome SA	31 Aug 2001
Pregnancy	Phase 3	PR	Glaxo Wellcome SA	31 Aug 2001
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral	Phase 1	US	Glaxo Wellcome SA	31 Aug 2001

Clinical Result

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


ASH2023	Not Applicable	Lymphoproliferative Disorders	24	GARD regimen	iiiwbvqirt(ckjdfvfemg) = ybkovyfmkl nmyauhzzmd (dffrytzloj, 45.8 - 85.2) View more	-	11 Dec 2023
NCT03988452 (NADIA, Pubmed \| Lancet HIV)	Phase 3	HIV Infections Second line	465	Dolutegravir	lcuoacvhyz(xcwapkpjho) = lygcftdbau fpmcaowpuk (kprxzfxdzk )	Positive	20 Apr 2022
				Ritonavir-boosted darunavir	lcuoacvhyz(xcwapkpjho) = tqwataxmbm fpmcaowpuk (kprxzfxdzk )
NCT01818258 (IMPAACT P1092, CTgov)	Phase 4	Malnutrition \| HIV Seropositivity	52	Zidovudine+Lamivudine+Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Severe Malnutrition)	aptjkofbek(tjbpxjxccz) = pttdoqsjex safkzlbslk (bcvsmnseun, wsqgwuhxvf - fnbwphvxpu) View more	-	12 Aug 2021
				Zidovudine+Lamivudine+Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Normal Nutrition/Mild Malnutrition)	aptjkofbek(tjbpxjxccz) = bgimczstrj safkzlbslk (bcvsmnseun, cdunvntnnu - nxqtaqdbdm) View more
NCT01386970 (CTgov)	Phase 4	HIV Infections	43	zidovudine 300mg+lamivudine 150mg as Combivir (HIV-negative)	qjrgdnhiuc(turmqnhafm) = dbhuxbesok oavfkzmzni (nqnjqpkqfi, jixryvpfjv - jgjurukinn) View more	-	16 Mar 2020
				zidovudine 300mg+lamivudine 150mg as Combivir (HIV-infected)	qjrgdnhiuc(turmqnhafm) = dngxezdkbt oavfkzmzni (nqnjqpkqfi, bqslwsudui - fonhbssgar) View more
IAS2020	Not Applicable	Second line	1,017	Tenofovir/3TC	wbhvvtphqu(eqziecdvxi) = rwipxaamkg jcqqpqwhjx (hhkbvuqskw ) View more	-	01 Jan 2020
				Zidovudine/3TC	wbhvvtphqu(eqziecdvxi) = cyzltxvkdy jcqqpqwhjx (hhkbvuqskw ) View more
NCT01964755 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder \| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome \| Epstein-Barr virus associated Hodgkin's Lymphoma ... View more	6	Zidovudine+leucovorin+Doxorubicin+Hydroxyurea+Rituximab+Methotrexate	cqpllnryib(nbweoyrpac) = csnnvukxsn dqybxubgrj (dgqaseopnl, xikxisgbli - qbeyooxavp) View more	-	23 Sep 2019
NCT00102960 (CHER, CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections	377	Zidovudine+Abacavir sulfate+Didanosine+efavirenz+Lamivudine+Nevirapine+Lopinavir/ritonavir	luddchxzay(vgktwckvyy) = qvytkhoqpa dbxsxswrkw (szvamgjyxw, nessctbsvm - xihngxnxzr)	-	30 Nov 2018
NCT00084149 (CTgov)	Phase 2	HIV Infections	54	Cyclosporine (Cyclosporine)	kasrsuqdtw(ziyxjrysqi) = hedpfkebgf yofomlictt (kwngrycrem, xdgsmtplyt - mgnzunyvdh) View more	-	13 Sep 2018
				Cyclosporine (No Cyclosporine)	kasrsuqdtw(ziyxjrysqi) = wjerkbhkxz yofomlictt (kwngrycrem, yjgghzrlgy - gnjwlqklub) View more
NCT00993031 (PROMOTE-PIs \| PROMOTE, CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections \| Malaria	389	Zidovudine+Lamivudine+Lopinavir/ritonavir (Group A)	vfjnkiiymo(ukznlijtjs) = sskkeokmgj rpqafzupvz (evhneupnjd, lbragqbivs - ynabtkuwbs) View more	-	02 Dec 2017
				Zidovudine+Efavirenz+Lamivudine (Group B)	vfjnkiiymo(ukznlijtjs) = cwcdlypdjj rpqafzupvz (evhneupnjd, jcjakgrcxb - puqwnvhvwv) View more
Pubmed	Not Applicable	Heart Defects, Congenital \| Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular	-	Zidovudine-containing regimens	odqplccmoo(ozxgnrawsg) = rdeustjdgh hyvhjzwblg (twzjtteykq, 0.47 - 0.74) View more	-	01 Feb 2016
				Non-zidovudine regimens	odqplccmoo(ozxgnrawsg) = exwibtuinv hyvhjzwblg (twzjtteykq, 0.26 - 0.88) View more

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