Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is one of two enteroinsular hormones, playing a crucial role in linking nutrient intake with whole-body metabolism.

JAK3 is a narrow-spectrum member that only regulates γc cytokines, thus becoming an ideal potential target.

AMPK, which stands for AMP-activated protein kinase, is a key molecule in regulating energy metabolism and is at the core of research into diabetes and other metabolic-related diseases.

The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is a cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathway that plays a critical role in innate immune responses.

The KRAS G12D mutation affects approximately 180,000 patients in the United States and Europe, showing an incidence rate about 2.5 times higher compared to the KRAS G12C mutation.

STAT6 is essential for IL-4 and IL-13 signal transduction, but it is downstream of the JAK/STAT pathway and is not utilized by other cytokines and growth factors.

While paying attention to the third-generation non-covalent BTK inhibitors, we can also consider other approaches to solve drug resistance.

Among the JAK Family Members, JAK3, which Only Regulates a Narrow Spectrum of γc Cytokines, Emerges as a Potential Ideal Target.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can inhibit tumor immune efficacy. Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R)/CSF-1 pathway involved in regulating the function of TAMs. CSF-1R is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor, also a member of the growth factor CSF-1/platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor family.

the discovery and development of USP1 inhibitors certainly open up new frontiers for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and potentially even more.

the small G protein family member, Cdc42, plays an important role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

TIGIT, a major immune checkpoint molecule, is expressed on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.