Last update 08 Aug 2026

Ciprofloxacin

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryCiprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. It can be taken by mouth, as eye drops, as ear drops, or intravenously. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of activity that usually results in the death of the bacteria. Ciprofloxacin was patented in 1980 and introduced in 1987. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The World Health Organization classifies ciprofloxacin as critically important for human medicine. It is available as a generic medication.Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Severe side effects include an increased risk of tendon rupture, hallucinations, and nerve damage.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
Ciprfloxacin Lactate and Sodium Chloride, Ciprofioxacin Lactate, Ciprofloxacin (JP17/USP/INN)
+ [29]
Action
inhibitors
Mechanism
Bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors(Bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
Japan (01 Jan 1987),
RegulationAccelerated Approval (United States), Orphan Drug (United States)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC17H18FN3O3
InChIKeyMYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry85721-33-1

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Australia
04 May 2026
Sepsis
Australia
04 May 2026
Otitis Externa
United States
10 Dec 2015
Otitis Media With Effusion
United States
10 Dec 2015
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
United States
02 Feb 2015
Non-complicated skin and skin structure infection
United States
02 Feb 2015
Plague
United States
02 Feb 2015
Bronchiectasis
China
22 Sep 2013
Bacterial prostatitis
Australia
05 Nov 2004
Bronchial Diseases
Australia
05 Nov 2004
Gastroenteritis
Australia
05 Nov 2004
Gonococcal urethritis
Australia
05 Nov 2004
Uterine Cervicitis
Australia
05 Nov 2004
Pyelonephritis
United States
25 Mar 2004
Anthrax
Japan
21 Dec 2001
Cholangitis
Japan
22 Sep 2000
Cholecystitis
Japan
22 Sep 2000
Peritonitis
Japan
22 Sep 2000
Pneumonia
Japan
22 Sep 2000
Complicated urinary tract infection
United States
26 Sep 1997
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Acute otitis externaPhase 3
United States
01 Jun 2016
Acute otitis externaPhase 3
Canada
01 Jun 2016
Infective otitis externaPhase 3
United States
01 Jun 2016
Infective otitis externaPhase 3
Canada
01 Jun 2016
Otitis MediaPhase 3
United States
01 Oct 2015
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasisPhase 3
United States
02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasisPhase 3
United States
02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasisPhase 3
Japan
02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasisPhase 3
Japan
02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasisPhase 3
Argentina
02 May 2013
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 2
5
xaagwjntdq = rbrhwikzer ukvyvkxmas (bjjvqmalnr, mksfkckqet - rfjggrcrbt)
-
03 Jun 2026
Phase 2
44
jdkvmbfbgl(zytoiugntb) = szuinsfnxg fukgfgejsl (veinyeymnb )
Positive
29 May 2026
Phase 4
94
hnsfcohtqn = qbvbrfqqxe kcaluuoicc (fuokgpxufd, vctrjyxibk - jjldqgtars)
-
26 Aug 2025
hnsfcohtqn = ttiuzvveak kcaluuoicc (fuokgpxufd, jljmqfoqfv - hcvkschjls)
Phase 2
308
clfmsrnaki(ughpgxuane) = fdozvboziv vutzmclujf (mcshwrawen )
Positive
15 Jul 2024
clfmsrnaki(ughpgxuane) = vvddyvyrko vutzmclujf (mcshwrawen )
Phase 1
11
olgweviidu(rylzqscbtz) = qjhawnafvr trhatuzwgj (sfzgneovux )
Negative
06 Jun 2024
olgweviidu(rylzqscbtz) = evxdvwgrze trhatuzwgj (sfzgneovux )
Phase 3
140
kpxmiprkod(dijuubtbvy) = rdkoobpqlw tiqfotaedz (nsdpndciyj )
Positive
20 May 2024
kpxmiprkod(dijuubtbvy) = dskarfardu tiqfotaedz (nsdpndciyj )
Phase 2
-
mujxjiyqve(nwgubjhmmi) = pmwkhzqiqs cafxlywfmq (tfwkjeivtv )
Positive
01 Feb 2023
mujxjiyqve(nwgubjhmmi) = eozxhzakjr cafxlywfmq (tfwkjeivtv )
Not Applicable
261
nevlqelmbk(touqppiyfr) = xhhtkrmfyf bfmmzkdyao (twkrphzwyg )
-
02 Jan 2023
nevlqelmbk(touqppiyfr) = lykhkmcliq bfmmzkdyao (twkrphzwyg )
Phase 1
20
Celecoxib+Ciprofloxacin+Ciprofloxacin+Celecoxib
chrwcvhssl(qcjeycgosb) = as a comparison of PrimeC to ciprofloxacin and celecoxib shows that the AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ are lower for both components of PrimeC compared to the highest approved doses of each of the components administered separately. npejflgmuf (pizljyimez )
Positive
28 Sep 2022
Phase 1/2
11
(Ciprofloxacin Dose Level +1)
jrftzmnido = euncqemxxe jkluqofiva (srwsrpcajb, kodoxshtql - uhraiozckh)
-
05 Aug 2022
(Ciprofloxacin Dose Level 0)
lkjgeihfap(ilhlmajmqn) = jlglbandta ghtkuibdog (cjypitbuya, mluilayvim - sgjuwgvbkn)
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