Delving into the Latest Updates on Hydroxyethyl Starch with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

hydroxyethyl starch, HYDROXYETHYL STARCH 130/0.4, Hydroxyethylated starch

+ [10]

Target-

Action-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Other Diseases

Active Indication

Hypovolemia

Inactive Indication

Massive hemorrhageShock, Septic

Originator Organization

Fresenius Kabi AG

Active Organization

Fresenius Kabi AGFresenius Kabi Japan KKFresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH

+ [1]

Inactive Organization

Novo Nordisk A/S

B. Braun Melsungen AG

HEMOCUE AB

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

Germany (25 Apr 2000)

Regulation-

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Etoposide-induced protein 2.4 (EI24), an essential component of autophagy, is lowly expressed in pulmonary fibrosis. Hesperidin (Hes), a flavonoid, can regulate autophagy in various diseases. However, whether Hes can inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by mechanically regulating EI24-mediated autophagy has not been uncovered.

METHODS:

RLE-6TN cells were treated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and rats were injected with bleomycin (BLM) to construct the pulmonary fibrosis model. The effect of Hes on pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by cell counting kit-8, immunofluorescence, hematoxylin and eosin, masson trichome staining and western blotting.

RESULTS:

Hes reduced cell viability of TGF-β1-induced RLE-6TN cells. Administration of Hes restored the decrease in autophagy marker levels in TGF-β1-induced RLE-6TN cells. Hes inhibited the transcriptional and translational levels of α-SMA, collagen I and fibronectin that were increased by TGF-β1 in RLE-6TN cells. Mechanically, Hes restored EI24 expression, and EI24 knockdown reversed the effect of Hes on the expressions of autophagy and fibrosis-related proteins. Additionally, Hes enhanced autophagy and fibrosis markers, which were worsened by EI24 knockdown in BLM-induced rats.

CONCLUSION:

Hes activated autophagy by upregulating EI24, which improved pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo.

01 Dec 2025·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Enhanced pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidative effects of hesperidin on LNCaP prostate cancer cell line through nano-emulsification

Article

Author: Sheikhzadeh, Sanaz ; Bakhshan, Mohammad Amin ; Delirezh, Nowruz

Using natural substances as adjuvant cancer therapy can help improve the condition of patients undergoing cancer treatment. Despite the fewer side effects of bioactive molecules, these substances still face many challenges. Nanotechnology can partially overcome these obstacles and increase the effectiveness of natural compounds many times over. Therefore, this research examined and contrasted the impact of hesperidin nanoemulsions (HES-NE) and free hesperidin (HES), with a significant focus on cell death pathways in (PCa) cells. qRT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of the apoptotic genes P53 and Bax, and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, in cells treated with HES-NE. Caspase-3 enzyme activity assay indicated increased apoptosis in LNCaP cells treated with HES-NE. Furthermore, assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers revealed a dose-dependent increase in ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation, and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GHS-Px) levels upon treatment with HES-NE. Our findings revealed that nanoformulated HES significantly enhanced its ability to induce apoptosis in PCa cells through P53/Bax/Bcl-2-mediated signaling pathways, compared to its free form.

01 Dec 2025·FOOD CHEMISTRY

Selected hazardous elements in food: Chemical analysis including speciation and biological properties

Review

Author: Vaičekauskaitė, Rita ; Gołębiowski, Adrian ; Dzingelevičienė, Reda ; Buszewski, Bogusław

Food is one of the main sources of delivering nutrients to organisms. The biological and physicochemical properties of elements are strongly dependent on their speciation forms. From this point of view, determining the speciation forms provides insight into the properties of the elements and allows discussions on general effects such as safety, health-promoting and nutritional properties of food. In this review, we discussed several subjects concerning selected hazardous elements (HEs) from food; HEs whose speciation forms give rise to safety risk to organisms. These issues are: 1) analytical: sample preparation, content and speciation forms determination, analytical techniques used in speciation analysis with significant attention paid to multi-elemental speciation; 2) transformation and interaction of speciation forms occurring at the stage of analysis as well as metabolism in the organism; 3) bio accessibility and bioavailability of HEs from food, and methods for reducing their toxic impact on the organism.

100 Deals associated with Hydroxyethyl Starch

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	-	B05AA07	-

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hypovolemia	Australia	Fresenius Kabi Australia Pty Ltd.	13 Nov 2006

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Massive hemorrhage	Phase 3	Japan	Fresenius Kabi Japan KK	01 May 2010
Shock, Septic	Phase 3	Germany	HEMOCUE AB	01 Apr 2003
Shock, Septic	Phase 3	Germany	Novo Nordisk A/S	01 Apr 2003
Shock, Septic	Phase 3	Germany	B. Braun Melsungen AG	01 Apr 2003

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02882074 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Endothelial dysfunction	85	Human albumin (Human Albumin)	zfsxnxfjoh(aeoxxkbfqt) = vjsqsntdqq felrxpmfii (yvqxdaryrw, 0.80) View more	-	01 Feb 2024
				Hydroxyethyl starch (Hydroxyethyl Starch)	zfsxnxfjoh(aeoxxkbfqt) = pbikbcmnhn felrxpmfii (yvqxdaryrw, 0.71) View more
NCT02192502 (SHARP, CTgov)	Phase 3	-	149	HES 130/0.4 (Voluven) (HES 130/0.4 (Voluven))	lwvuekzcud(hwvdcwepiz) = zwntoirowr nyqelzudsm (xmgowxxmks, aeqmdpkzsn - qnpjhohwqj) View more	-	14 Feb 2023
				human albumin 5% (Human Albumin 5%)	lwvuekzcud(hwvdcwepiz) = pfzbownwdh nyqelzudsm (xmgowxxmks, heiwwobypl - hrwxytektx) View more
NCT02064075 (Pubmed \| J Int Med Res)	Phase 4	Aneurysm, Intracranial Berry, 1	-	Ringer's lactate solution	ctegtxacpq(chtjhnvfwm) = hziyyzwxam qdqbmrryti (vhiphleqay )	Negative	01 Jul 2020
				Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 solution	ctegtxacpq(chtjhnvfwm) = mtjspnqawg qdqbmrryti (vhiphleqay )
NCT02726620 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Hypotension	22,435	Central neuraxial anesthesia+Dopamine+Glycopyrrolate+Hydroxyethyl starch solutions+Epinephrine+desflurane+Sodium Chloride 0.9%+propofol+Atropine+Ephedrine+Bupivacaine+Isoflurane+Dobutamine+Vasopressin+Isoproterenol+Norepinephrine+Prilocaine+Benzocaine+Procaine+Terlipressin+Tetracaine+ropivacaine+Articaine+Levobupivacaine+Milrinone+Phenylephrine+Sevoflurane+Mepivacaine+Lidocaine+Chloroprocaine (Usual Care Group)	ltxlwlxwpn = afzdwjvlku tbdhpvumrr (wdfqyoyoci, akfzwyfamt - epwnsmauwa) View more	-	16 May 2019
				Central neuraxial anesthesia+Dopamine+Glycopyrrolate+Hydroxyethyl starch solutions+Epinephrine+Desflurane+Sodium Chloride 0.9%+propofol+Atropine+Ephedrine+Bupivacaine+Isoflurane+Dobutamine+Vasopressin+Isoproterenol+Norepinephrine+Prilocaine+Benzocaine+Procaine+Terlipressin+Tetracaine+ropivacaine+Articaine+Levobupivacaine+Milrinone+Phenylephrine+Sevoflurane+Mepivacaine+Lidocaine+Chloroprocaine (Hypotension Decision Support)	ltxlwlxwpn = uqlylhcqsn tbdhpvumrr (wdfqyoyoci, ljnculbbjr - cbgtyusffs) View more
NCT02361736 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Volume overload	120	Lactate Ringers (Lactate Ringers)	ddpaockskv(lgmtruheyx) = qljkakrfzd nsjeuomqdr (chbatdteag, 0.7) View more	-	24 Mar 2016
				Hydroxyethyl Starch (Hydroxyethyl Starch)	ddpaockskv(lgmtruheyx) = ipdqlaoljd nsjeuomqdr (chbatdteag, 0.8) View more
NCT01486563 (Pubmed \| Anesth Analg)	Phase 4	-	40	6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4	cgsbdsnvoj(gphxgdqrki) = wiegbrbngl yzbaxdwqst (lswqhtfeqn )	-	01 Mar 2015
				Saline 0.9%	cgsbdsnvoj(gphxgdqrki) = hdeavlanei yzbaxdwqst (lswqhtfeqn )
NCT00962156 (Pubmed \| Intensive Care Med)	Phase 3	Sepsis	804	Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42	tuipwavzvb(uxszhddxiv) = jweitxzjgf gxhyjggmup (jgjirejvkf ) View more	-	01 Jul 2014
				Ringer's acetate	tuipwavzvb(uxszhddxiv) = tafdktyisk gxhyjggmup (jgjirejvkf ) View more
NCT01530490 (Pubmed \| Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol)	Early Phase 1	Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome	-	Hydroxyethyl starch alone	zyftlpdfgw(lewksixlqc) = gmapatpjcy xvtunjswca (jfudsogels ) View more	-	01 Oct 2013
				Hydroxyethyl starch plus cabergoline	zyftlpdfgw(lewksixlqc) = sjpfihypmd xvtunjswca (jfudsogels ) View more
NCT01195025 (Pubmed \| Crit Care)	Not Applicable	Hypovolemia	10	6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (Voluven™)	vebbsurflh(twryqyvsgd) = ozjhfipsoy pbmzhwnpxb (zhclszhjwe ) View more	-	29 May 2013
				Ringer's acetate	tmchwytpsy(ojeiqglyeg) = dsdwcbxpex inmodpzxyn (ejrivbclpa )
NCT00962156 (6S, Pubmed \| N Engl J Med)	Phase 3	Sepsis	804	Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42	rjdsluixov(jwlutjgkzl) = kzypwspxoa vjeemcbeqp (awuascuvot ) View more	Negative	12 Jul 2012
				Ringer's acetate	rjdsluixov(jwlutjgkzl) = ncowlfznmk vjeemcbeqp (awuascuvot ) View more